Diabetes Panel

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CRP, hs | Homocysteine | Insulin | Hemoglobin A1c | Fibrinogen

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Blood Test Panel

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C-Reactive Protein, hs (CRP, hs)

C-reactive protein (CRP) is something that the liver makes when there is inflammation.    It can be caused by a lot of different things, like arthritis, cancer, an infection, etc. .   High CRP levels can also mean that your heart’s arteries have inflammation, which can make you more likely to have a heart attack.

The CRP test is very broad, though, and does not pinpoint the cause of the inflammation; it just measures the presence of it.  

It’s important to know that a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) test is a little different from a regular C-reaction protein test.   The regular C-reactive test measures high levels of protein, which can help find diseases that cause inflammation. The hs-CRP test measures lower levels of protein, which are still high, and can show the risk of heart disease and stroke.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) believes that the following are major risk factors for heart disease.

Fibrinogen

A fibrinogen test, or Factor 1 Activity test, checks how much of the protein called fibrinogen is in your blood. Your liver makes fibrinogen, which helps your blood clot.  

If you don’t have enough fibrinogen, it might be hard for your blood to clot.  If your fibrinogen levels are higher or lower than usual, it could indicate problems with how your blood clots, a fibrinogen deficiency, or uneven fibrinolysis, which is the process by which your body breaks up blood clots that shouldn’t form.

A fibrinogen test can help if you have signs like: 

  • Bleeding in your digestive system.
  • You have blood in your pee or poop.
  • Spitting blood.
  • Too many bruises.
  • Frequent nosebleeds.
  • Ruptured spleen.

* Trouble stopping bleeding or excessive bleeding when cut.

* When you’ve received unusual or abnormal results from a blood clot test, such as a Prothombin time test (PT) or Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT). 

  • Signs of problems with how the blood clots.
  • Signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation, a serious problem with blood clotting.
  • Signs of genetic diseases that make it hard for the blood to clot.
  • Recurrent pregnancy loss.

There are a few different kinds of fibrinogen shortages:

  • Afibrinogenemia, which is when your blood doesn’t have any fibrinogen. This disorder is very rare; only one person in every million has it.

Hypofibrinogenemia is when your fibrinogen levels are too low. Hypofibrinogenemia is more common than afibrinogenemia. Experts don’t know exactly how many people have it, but they do know that it’s more common.

  • Dysfibrinogenemia, which is when your fibrinogen levels are normal but fibrinogen doesn’t work right. Some people with dysfibrinogenemia don’t have any symptoms, so it’s hard to know how many people have it. However, it’s more common than afibrinogenemia.

Homocysteine

Homocysteine is an amino acid that is produced by the body by chemically altering adenosine. It may be used to evaluate heart function, vitamin B levels, folate levels, renal (kidney) function or enzyme activities, and those with a history of heart disease or stroke.
High homocysteine levels can directly damage the delicate endothelial cells that line the inside of arteries, resulting in vascular inflammation, arterial plaque rupture, and blood clot formation.
Symptoms that qualify a patient to have a homocysteine test include but are not limited to:

  • Fatigue
  • Weakness
  • Diarrhea
  • Dizziness
  • Rapid heart rate
  • Sore mouth/tongue
  • Discomfort in the arms, feet, hands, or legs
  • Loss of appetite

Individuals who have recently experienced a stroke or heart attack may want this test to assess risk of cardiovascular disease, inflammation, or disorder.

Insulin

Insulin is used to diagnose an insulin-producing tumor and verify that the removal of the tumor has been successful.  It can also be used to diagnose hypoglycemia, insulin resistance, and can be paired with a C-peptides test to determine levels of insulin being produced in the body, and levels of insulin coming from an outside source such as insulin injections.

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